Indonesia Conference Directory

Corresponding Author
Maria Matoetina Suprijono

Institutions
a) Department of Food Technology, Agricultural Technology Faculty, Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya, Indonesia. Email: maria-matoetina[at]ukwms.ac.id, m.matoetina[at]gmail.com
b) Doctoral Program of Agricultural Product Technology, Agricultural Faculty, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia,
c) Department of Food Science and Technology, Agricultural Technology Faculty, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia,
d) Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia,
e) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Padjajaran University, Bandung, Indonesia.

Abstract
Introduction: Red Fruit (RF) (Pandanus conoideus Lam.) was used as traditional medicine for Papuans and consumed as a daily meal. RF was proved as a source of bioactive antioxidant and anticancer, grace on their flavonoids; but there is no research focus on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity of RF flavonoids and bioactive. This research wants to evaluate the ADMET of RF flavonoids through computational study, sharpening their potency as bioactive in functional food. Methods: Flavonoids in RF extracts were identified using LCMS. The chemical structure of the flavonoids and five others were redrawn to get the SMILE. ADMET was predicted using SWISS ADME, OSIRIS Property Explorer, and hERG-Pred. The ADME was evaluated based on the physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetic, BOILED-EGG test; whereas the toxicology based on the potency as a toxicant, P-gp substrate, hERG blocker, and CYP450 inhibitor. Results: Quercetin/Q, Taxifolin/T, and Quercetin 3-Glucoside/Q3G were identified in the methanol and ethyl acetate extract. Q, T, 3,4,5-trihydroxy-7,3-dimethoxyflavone/TDF, 4-,6,6-,8-tetrahidroksi-3-metoksi-flavon/TMF, and Quercetin3-Methyl-Ether/QME fulfilled the RO5 parameters; they were higher in water solubility, gastrointestinal absorption, and bioavailability. All were not P-gp substrate and hERG blocker, but some of them were CYP450 inhibitor. Only TMF, QME, Taxifolin3-O-α-Arabinopiranose/TAP, and Quercetin3-O-Glucose/QOG that consistently had no risk as toxic compounds. Conclusion: ADMET analysis must be done along with bioactive analysis. Some of RF flavonoid showed high potency as bioactive, but with toxicity risk. The structure like TMF and QME were bioactive with low risk of toxicity.

Keywords
ADME, Toxicity, Pandanus conoideus Lam., Red Fruit Flavonoids

Topic
HEALTH, NUTRITION AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/QYgXNmBHJTbP

Corresponding Author
Sogandi Sogandi

Institutions
a) Department of Pharmacy, University of 17 Augustus 1945, Jakarta,14356, Indonesia
*Corresponding author: sogandi[at]uta45jakarta.ac.id

Abstract
Endophytic bacteria have been recognized as a microorganism that has an important role as the producer of bioactive compounds. In the literature, endophytic bacteria from Noni fruits (Morinda citrifolia l.) with their antioxidant activities have been rarely studied. This research aimed at isolating endophytic bacteria associated with Noni fruits to investigate their antioxidant activity, to identify potential endophytic bacteria with16s rRNA and to detect bioactive compounds they produce. Based on morphological characteristics of bacterial colonies, six endophyte bacteria were isolates from Noni fruits. The isolates were observed and evaluated in terms of their antioxidant activities by using 1,1-Diphenyl -2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Results of this study discovered supernatant from isolate ACP3 to have the highest DPPH free-radical scavenging activity at up to 68.90%. In addition, molecular identification conducted by applying PCR amplification on 16S rRNA gene showed isolate ACP3 (Acc. No. MN068816) to belong to Staphylococcus sp. with 100% sequence similarities. Looking at GCMS analysis, ethyl acetate fraction from the secondary metabolites of isolate ACP3 contained pyrazine alkaloids, which have been known as a bioactive compound. Based on these results, the ACP3 strain was considered as a good and sustainable resource for natural antioxidants.

Keywords
16s rRNA; Antioxidant; Endophyitic Bacteria; Morinda citrifolia

Topic
HEALTH, NUTRITION AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/d4Lt7BvaPeEA

Corresponding Author
Vita Purnamasari

Institutions
1 Doctoral Program of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
2 Department of Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
3 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
4 Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Cenderawasih University, Jayapura, Indonesia

Abstract
Berries are known to contain bioactive compounds that can function physiologically to optimize health status. One type of bioactive compound found in berries is phenolic acid. Fruits are known to have activities to inhibit aldose reductase (AR). Inhibition of AR can control of microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus, such as blindness, nephropathy and neuropathy. But some AR inhibitors show side effects due to cross-reactions with analogous enzymes. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to predict the ability of phenolic acids berries binding to AR and predict selectivity of berries phenolic acids as AR inhibitor through in silico studies. The inhibition activity of twelve berry phenolic acids on AR was analyzed using in silico and compared with epalrestat as a commercial AR inhibitor. The phenolic acids were docked to AR using Autodock Vina in PyRx 0.8. 3D molecular interactions visualized using PyMOL were then analyzed with LigPlot+. Chlorogenic acid and neochlorogenic acid show binding are higher affinity (8.0 and 8.3 kcal/mol) than binding affinity epalrestat as a commercial AR inhibitor. The aromatic ring structure of chlorogenic acid and neochlorogenic acid plays an important role in binding to the active side of AR. Analysis of the interaction of the two phenolic acids with AR indicates binding occurs in the pocket specificity of the active side of AR, so chlorogenic acid and neochlorogenic acid of berries are predicted to inhibit the binding of free glucose on the active side of AR, preventing sorbitol production in hyperglycemic conditions.

Keywords
Berries, Phenolic acids, Docking, Binding affinity, Aldose reductase,

Topic
HEALTH, NUTRITION AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/ne9KrwUgVTFb

Corresponding Author
NABEEL AHMED RAFAH

Institutions
Faculty of Medical Technology, Aljufra, Libya

Abstract
Crude extract of mangosteen (GarciniaMangostana L) pericarp (CEMP) possess many biological and pharmacological activities. The aim of this study is to analyse the effect of CEMP consumption for 3 weeks on lipid peroxidation as shown by malondialdehyde (MDA) level in cigarette smoke exposed rats. Twenty five Wistar male rats were randomly divided into five groups, i.e.: a normal control group, an exposed cigarette control group and three treatment groups. The treatment groups either received 200; 400; and 600 mg CEMP/kg body weight (BW), respectively. The diets in the form of pellets were freely consumed (ad libitum) and were given for three weeks. Rats were exposed to cigarette smoke one time per day. Blood samples were taken on the last day for MDA analyses. The MDA level statically analysis by ANOVA test and following by post Hoc test .After 3 weeks treatment, the mean MDA levels between groups were significantly differences (P=0.000). On day 21th, the MDA levels of control group , exposure by cigarette smoke group and groups that supplemented with 0; 200; 400 and 600 mg CEMP / kg BW were 0.126 ± 0.02; 0.637 ± 0.04; 0.423 ± 0.03; 0.235 ± 0.03 and 0.136 ± 0.03 μg/mL, respectively.It is also interesting to point out the decrease of the lung morphological damage by CEMP treatment. These results indicate the beneficial effect of CEMP in the MDA level reducing on the rats that exposed by cigarette.

Keywords
crude extract, mangosteen pericarp, cigarette, lipid peroxidation, MDA level

Topic
HEALTH, NUTRITION AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/NjkB98CKQXMg

Corresponding Author
Mieke Alvionita

Institutions
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Negeri Malang
Jalan Semarang 5, Malang 65145, Indonesia
*subandi.fmipa[at]um.ac.id

Abstract
Gout is a common inflammatory arthritis caused by the formation of uric acid crystals in a joint. Due to their high prevalence in most countries, the discovery of gout treatment agent have gained many interests, mainly from natural resources. Some studies showed that bioactive product can replace the common gout medicine, allopurinol, which known have many negative effects. Thus, the aims of this study were to obtained ethanol extract of peanut shell, to determine their inhibitory activity toward xanthine oxidase (XO) and to determine the inhibitory activity of predicted compounds using in silico study. There are 4 steps in this work, namely: (1) ethanol extraction of bioactive compounds from peanut shell, (2) phytochemical analysis, (3) in vitro analysis as XO inhibitor and (4) in silico study of predicted bioactive compounds from peanut shell as XO inhibitor. The results had shown that Arachis hypogaea L. epidermis extract contained tannins, polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids, whereas their outer peel extract have the same contents, except tannin. At the same concentration (100 ppm), the inhibition activity of epidermis and peanut shells extract towards XO were equivalent to 12 and 14 ppm of allopurinol, respectively. According to the previous study, the bioactive compounds in the peanut shell were luteolin, 5,7-dihydroxychromone, and eriodictyol. Our in silico analysis has revealed that each of those compunds has binding affinity higher than allopurinol has.

Keywords
Arachis hypogaea L. shell; xanthine oxidase inhibitor; in vitro and in silico analysis

Topic
HEALTH, NUTRITION AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/cDyEVALYhkZT

Corresponding Author
Ruri Siti Resmisari

Institutions
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Islamic University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Abstract
Herbs is a traditional medicine with medicinal plants as the main ingredient. The existence of herbs cannot be separated from society-s local culture, especially in Grati, District of Pasuruan. This study was to determine the types of plants for making herbs, parts of plant organs, types of herbs, processing method, benefits, and how to get the raw material. The study consisted of preliminary surveys and interviews. The data was taken using snow ball sampling technique. The survey method was using semi-structured interview technique and data presented in descriptive form. Based on the results of surveys and interviews, there were 17 plant species used as raw materials for herbs, where turmeric, Round-rooted Galangal (kunci pepet), Kaempferia galangal (kencur), rice, betel and tamarind are the most used plants with 100% for each use. The most used organ is rhizome, that is 41%. There are eight kinds of herbs. The raw material for making herbs 89% are bought from traditional market and the rest comes from harvesting and wild cultivation.

Keywords
Herbs, medicinal plants, Sub-District of Grati, District of Pasuruan

Topic
HEALTH, NUTRITION AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/4h8qFQ6xmV9J

Corresponding Author
sarah devi silvian

Institutions
Department of Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya

Abstract
Lactobacillus casei is one of probiotic bacteria which have an antibiotic (tetracycline) resistance encoded by tetM gene. This gene can be unstable which lead to changes in the DNA sequence (mutation) during the adaptation process under sub-lethal dose of tetracycline antibiotic. The aim of the study is to observe the resistance level and genetic instability of tetM gene under sub-lethal dose of tetracycline antibiotic and to examine the effect of gene instability on the antibiotic resistance level of L. casei. This study was conducted by 2 steps e.g. determination of sub lethal dose of L. casei and to isolate L. casei with the highest resistance to tetracycline using adaptation process. This study confirmed that L. casei could survive with sub-lethal dose of 10-50 µg.mL-1 tetracycline and has a lethal dose at 60 µg.mL-1. The concentration of more than 60 µg.mL-1 tetracyline made the instability of tetM gene lead to the survival of L. casei at 70 µg.mL-1 tetracycline after adaptation process.

Keywords
Adaptation, Gene Instability, Lactobacillus casei, Sub-lethal Dose, tetM Gene

Topic
HEALTH, NUTRITION AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY

Link: https://ifory.id/abstract/YG9T8ZryJV4D